2-19-22

The formation of Muslim communities in the mining settlements of the Urals and Siberia in the late XIX – early XX century

This paper discusses the complex process of the formation of Muslim communities in mining and industrial settlements at factories, mines, and railway stations of the Urals and Siberia in the late XIX-early XX centuries; this process is associated with the labor migration of Tatar and Bashkir peasants from the Volga and Ural regions to the Urals and Siberia in connection with the growth of mineral production, processing, industrial production, railway construction, and undermanned enterprises. On the basis of archival documents, the analysis of the actions of Tatar and Bashkir peasants who were in labor migration is carried out; the aim is to recreate faith institutions that are customary for themselves at the new place of their stay: mosque, mektebe school, official imam. All these were associated with overcoming various obstacles in the form of restrictions established by Russian legislation, and the temporary nature of the employment of Muslim workers as well. The study also reflects the interaction of representatives of Muslim communities with state authorities, businessmen and factory owners, Orthodox and Muslim faith institutions in addressing these issues. The processes of transformation of the ethno-confessional landscape of industrial settlements that took place a hundred years ago and influenced their modern appearance are described.

Keywords: industry, prayer house, mosque, imam, Ural, Siberia, Muslims.

 

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