Home

DOI 10.21440/2307-2091-2017-3-48-52

Application of exhausted excavations for nitrogen compounds removal from the quarry waters pdf

A. V. Khokhryakov, A. M. Ol'khovskiy, G. A. Studenok

Typical pollutants, whose content in drainage waters of mining enterprises exceeds the maximum permissible concentrations, are nitrogen compounds - ammonium, nitrite and nitrate nitrogen. Their presence in drainage waters is a consequence of the use of explosives based on ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) for preparing the rock mass for excavation. The article presents the results of studies performed in quarries of a large mining enterprise, which justify the possibility of preliminary natural treatment of drainage waters of mining enterprises from nitrogen compounds in exhausted open-cast excavation. Natural purification occurs due to two processes - the first is a natural nitrification of the ammonium ion NH4+ and the nitrite ion NO2- to the nitrate ion NO3- (the nitrate ion represents the least environmental hazard of these nitrogen compounds) with prolonged storage of drainage water in exhausted open-cast excavation in the presence of atmospheric oxygen. The second is a dilution of drainage waters in open-cast excavation by natural underground waters and atmospheric precipitation entering it in a natural way. The results of the studies given in the article became the foundation for the development of the project for the enterprise purification system for drainage water, which successfully passed state expertise and is currently being implemented. The use of preliminary natural treatment of drainage water from nitrogen compounds in exhausted open-cast excavation significantly reduced the cost of the project and subsequent post-treatment at specialized biological treatment facilities, which is especially important in the current economic situation.

Keywords: pollution with nitrogen compounds; natural biological treatment; drainage water.

 

REFERENCES

1. Ob okhrane okruzhayushchey sredy: feder. zakon № 7-FZ ot 10 yanvarya 2002 goda (poslednyaya redaktsiya) [On Environmental Protection: Federal Law No. 7-FZ of January 10, 2002 (latest version)].
2. O strategii natsional'noy bezopasnosti Rossiyskoy Federatsii do 2020 goda: ukaz Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 12 maya 2009 № 537 [On the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation until 2020: Presidential Decree No. 537 of May 12, 2009].
3. Lozovik P. A., Borodulina G. S. 2009, Soedineniya azota v poverkhnostnykh i podzemnykh vodakh Karelii [Nitrogen compounds in surface and groundwater of Karelia]. Vodnye resursy [Water Resources], vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 694–704.
4. Revvo A. V., Khokhryakov A. V., Medvedeva I. V., Tseytlin E. M. 2015, Vozdeystvie predpriyatiy gorno-metallurgicheskogo kompleksa na dinamiku zagryazneniya reki Chusovoy [The impact of mining and metallurgical enterprises on the dynamics of pollution of the river Chusovoy]. Izv. vuzov. Gornyy zhurnal [News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal], no. 2, pp. 67–74.
5. Kosinova I. I. 2015, Ekologicheskaya geologiya krupnykh gornodobyvayushchikh rayonov Severnoy Evrazii (teoriya i praktika) [Ecological geology of large mining regions of Northern Eurasia (theory and practice)], Voronezh, 576 p.
6. Studenok A. G., Studenok G. A., Revvo A. V. 2013, Otsenka metodov ochistki stochnykh vod ot soedineniy azota dlya drenazhnykh vod gornykh predpriyatiy [Evaluation of wastewater treatment methods from nitrogen compounds for drainage waters of mining enterprises]. Izv. UGGU [News of the Ural State Mining University], no. 2(30), pp. 26–30.
7. Khokhryakov A. V., Ol'khovskiy A. M., Studenok A. G., Studenok G. A. 2005, Kolichestvennaya otsenka vklada vzryvnykh rabot v zagryaznenie drenazhnykh vod kar'erov soedineniyami azota [Quantitative assessment of the contribution of blasting to the pollution of drainage waters of quarries with nitrogen compounds]. Izv. vuzov. Gornyy zhurnal [News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal], no. 6, pp. 29–31.
8. Khokhryakov A. V., Studenok A. G., Studenok G. A. 2016, Issledovanie protsessov formirovaniya khimicheskogo zagryazneniya drenazhnykh vod soedineniyami azota na primere kar'era krupnogo gornogo predpriyatiya [Research of processes of formation of chemical pollution of drainage waters by nitrogen compounds on the example of a quarry of a large mining enterprise]. Izv. UGGU [News of the Ural State Mining University], no. 4(44), pp. 35–37.
9. Chochrjakow A. W., Studenok A. G., Studenok G. A. 2016, Die Erforschung nvon Prozessen der chemischen Verunreinigung des Dränagewassers durch Stickstoffverbindungen am Beispiel vom dem Tagebau eines grossen Bergbauunternehmens [The investigation of processes of the chemical contamination of the drainage water by nitrogen compounds by the example of the open pit mining of a large mining company]. Izv. UGGU [News of the Ural State Mining University], no. 4(44), pp. 38–40.
10. Gogina E. S. 2010, Udalenie biogennykh elementov iz stochnykh vod [Removal of biogenic elements from waste water], Moscow, 120 p.
11. Ob utverzhdenii normativov kachestva vody vodnykh ob"ektov rybokhozyaystvennogo znacheniya, v tom chisle normativov predel'no dopustimykh kontsentratsiy vrednykh veshchestv v vodakh vodnykh ob"ektov rybokhozyaystvennogo znacheniya: prikaz Rosrybolovstva ot 18 yanvarya 2010 goda № 20 [On the approval of water quality standards for water objects of fishery value, including standards for maximum permissible concentrations of harmful substances in the waters of water bodies of fishery importance: the order of the Federal Agency for Fisheries of January 18, 2010. No. 20].

Лицензия Creative Commons
All articles posted on the site are available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Global License.